TOEFL READING: The Northwest Coast

15.293
A+
A-
TOEFL READING: The Northwest Coast

The Northwest Coast

The Northwest Coast, a complex pattern of  islands, coastal plains, foothills, and mountain ranges, extends from California north to Alaska,  encompassing all the territory west of the Cascade  and Coast Ranges.  Its climate is one of even,  moderate temperatures (except in the mountains)  and relatively heavy rainfall.  This combination of mild  temperatures and abundant rainfall produces a lush,  dense forest vegetation of conifers, deciduous trees,  mosses, and ferns.

To its Native American inhabitants of the 1400’s,  the long, slender coastal region presented both a  favorable and a forbidding environment.  The sea and  the rivers held many resources, but to exploit them  required the development of super craft to navigate  waters that were often stormy and rough.  The forests  were rich with game and many edible plant foods, but  the vegetation of much of the area was so dense that  land travel was extremely difficult, and large parts of  the heavily forested foothills and rugged mountains  were unsuitable for human settlements.  Villages  instead were located along the rivers, on the  shores of bays and low-lying offshore islands, and  occasionally even at sheltered locations fronting on the  open ocean.

It is estimated that the Northwest Coast of the  1400’s had a population of about 130,000 and thus  was one of the most heavily populated areas of  North America north of Mexico.  The people had  no agriculture but, over thousands of years, had  developed techniques and equipment to exploit their  environment, basing their economy on fishing in  streams and coastal waters that teemed with salmon,  halibut, and other varieties of fish; gathering abalone,  mussels, clams, and other shellfish from the rocky  coastline; hunting land and sea mammals; and  collecting wild plant foods.  By the end of the century,  they reached a high cultural level usually found only  among agricultural people, enjoying a stability that  allowed the development of a complex social and  ceremonial life, an elaborate technology, and one of  the world’s great art styles.

MAKE A COMMENT

COMMENTS - 31 COMMENT
  1. sara says:

    That’s really helpful for their part especially that they were trying to have a better way on running a certain matter for them to give students a better way of education than what they used to.

  2. Many thanks for this excellent posting! I certainly enjoyed reading it.I will make certain to bookmark this website and will come back very soon. I want to encourage you to keep on with the good writing, maybe think about canon printer software also, have a wonderful morning!

  3. Thanks a lot for giving everyone such a nice chance to read from here. It’s usually so great and jam-packed with a great time for me and my office friends to search your website more than three times weekly to read through the latest tips you will have. Not to mention, we are actually pleased considering the attractive tips served by you. Some 3 areas on this page are unequivocally the most impressive we have all ever had.

  4. I wanted to post a comment to thank you for all of the wonderful tips and hints you are posting on this website. My considerable internet investigation has at the end of the day been honored with awesome ideas to talk about with my friends and classmates. I would point out that most of us visitors are definitely endowed to dwell in a fine community with so many awesome individuals with helpful plans. I feel somewhat happy to have come across your web pages and look forward to some more enjoyable times reading here. Thanks a lot once again for a lot of things.

  5. I wish to show appreciation to the writer for rescuing me from this setting. Right after researching through the the web and obtaining principles which were not beneficial, I believed my entire life was well over. Living without the presence of solutions to the problems you’ve resolved by way of your guide is a serious case, and the kind which could have negatively affected my entire career if I hadn’t encountered the website. Your primary mastery and kindness in maneuvering all the stuff was very useful. I am not sure what I would have done if I had not come upon such a solution like this. It’s possible to at this time look ahead to my future. Thanks a lot so much for this impressive and amazing guide. I won’t be reluctant to suggest your blog to any person who should get guidance on this problem.

  6. yeezy shoes says:

    Thank you a lot for giving everyone an extremely breathtaking opportunity to read in detail from this blog. It can be so fantastic plus packed with a lot of fun for me personally and my office fellow workers to visit your site particularly thrice weekly to read through the latest issues you have. Not to mention, I’m certainly impressed with your good advice you serve. Certain 4 areas in this post are completely the most suitable we have all ever had.

  7. nmd says:

    My wife and i felt quite delighted when Peter managed to do his research out of the ideas he got from your blog. It is now and again perplexing to just continually be making a gift of key points that many men and women could have been selling. And we all understand we now have the blog owner to appreciate for that. The main explanations you’ve made, the easy blog navigation, the friendships you help engender – it is all astonishing, and it’s really leading our son and the family understand the idea is cool, and that’s especially pressing. Many thanks for all the pieces!

  8. I together with my guys have been examining the nice strategies on your website while all of a sudden I got a terrible feeling I had not thanked the web site owner for those tips. Those women appeared to be consequently thrilled to study all of them and have now truly been having fun with these things. Appreciate your being simply thoughtful as well as for picking this sort of extraordinary subjects most people are really desirous to be aware of. My very own sincere regret for not expressing gratitude to earlier.

  9. yeezy shoes says:

    I wish to express some thanks to the writer just for bailing me out of this type of challenge. As a result of looking through the the net and meeting thoughts which were not powerful, I was thinking my entire life was over. Living without the strategies to the difficulties you’ve solved by way of your good website is a critical case, as well as ones which may have in a negative way affected my career if I hadn’t come across your web site. The know-how and kindness in maneuvering all the stuff was helpful. I’m not sure what I would’ve done if I hadn’t come upon such a stuff like this. I can now look ahead to my future. Thank you very much for this skilled and result oriented guide. I will not think twice to endorse your web sites to any individual who should get care on this problem.

  10. curry 3 says:

    I am only writing to make you be aware of of the superb encounter our child experienced reading the blog. She came to find lots of pieces, not to mention what it is like to have a great coaching mood to get many others without problems learn about a number of specialized subject areas. You truly exceeded our expectations. I appreciate you for churning out the important, dependable, edifying and in addition fun thoughts on the topic to Mary.

  11. I simply desired to say thanks all over again. I do not know what I could possibly have achieved without the tips discussed by you over that theme. Previously it was an absolute hard dilemma in my circumstances, nevertheless considering the specialized avenue you resolved it forced me to weep for fulfillment. Now i am thankful for the service and in addition wish you really know what a powerful job your are getting into training other individuals using your blog post. I’m certain you haven’t met any of us.

  12. I simply desired to thank you very much all over again. I am not sure the things I could possibly have worked on in the absence of the entire ideas discussed by you concerning my theme. It was before a very daunting condition in my position, however , understanding a new skilled avenue you treated the issue made me to leap for fulfillment. I will be thankful for your help and in addition hope that you find out what an amazing job you are getting into teaching some other people thru your webpage. I am certain you have never encountered any of us.

  13. I and also my buddies were actually taking note of the nice helpful hints located on your web page then the sudden got a horrible suspicion I never thanked the web blog owner for those strategies. The ladies came for that reason stimulated to read all of them and have now surely been tapping into these things. I appreciate you for simply being very helpful and also for pick out this sort of great ideas millions of individuals are really wanting to know about. My personal honest regret for not expressing appreciation to you sooner.

  14. I wanted to construct a quick comment to be able to thank you for some of the pleasant ways you are writing on this site. My particularly long internet look up has at the end of the day been honored with really good facts and strategies to write about with my family. I would point out that we readers are definitely endowed to be in a useful website with many special individuals with beneficial ideas. I feel rather happy to have used your web site and look forward to tons of more enjoyable moments reading here. Thanks a lot again for all the details.

  15. yeezy shoes says:

    Thank you so much for giving everyone remarkably superb opportunity to read in detail from this website. It is often so excellent and jam-packed with a great time for me personally and my office mates to visit your blog no less than three times weekly to read the latest guides you have. And of course, I’m just at all times astounded with all the sensational secrets served by you. Some 4 ideas in this post are truly the simplest we have had.

  16. jordan retro says:

    Thanks for every one of your effort on this site. Gloria enjoys getting into research and it’s simple to grasp why. Many of us notice all of the lively mode you give efficient things on this blog and encourage response from website visitors on the point and my child is undoubtedly discovering so much. Have fun with the rest of the year. You’re carrying out a really good job.

  17. I wanted to compose you that little bit of word to be able to give many thanks the moment again for all the marvelous tricks you have shared in this article. This is quite remarkably generous with you to convey openly all some people might have offered for sale as an ebook in making some money for themselves, most notably considering that you could possibly have done it in the event you considered necessary. The techniques in addition worked as a good way to know that some people have the same passion the same as my very own to see very much more with regard to this matter. I know there are many more pleasant occasions ahead for people who discover your site.

  18. I as well as my friends have been following the best tricks from the website then quickly came up with an awful suspicion I had not expressed respect to the site owner for those secrets. These women came as a result thrilled to learn all of them and have now in reality been taking advantage of those things. I appreciate you for genuinely really helpful as well as for picking this kind of cool guides most people are really eager to understand about. Our own sincere regret for not expressing appreciation to you earlier.

  19. I and also my pals were found to be analyzing the best advice on the blog while all of the sudden developed an awful feeling I never expressed respect to the site owner for those strategies. Those boys came consequently stimulated to study them and now have absolutely been loving these things. Thanks for genuinely quite thoughtful and then for pick out variety of high-quality issues millions of individuals are really eager to be aware of. My sincere regret for not expressing gratitude to earlier.

  20. I found your weblog web site on google and examine a few of your early posts. Proceed to keep up the very good operate. I simply extra up your RSS feed to my MSN Information Reader. Looking for forward to reading extra from you later on!?

  21. I truly wanted to send a simple note to say thanks to you for the pleasant advice you are posting here. My incredibly long internet research has at the end been rewarded with awesome information to go over with my family. I ‘d mention that most of us website visitors are unequivocally lucky to be in a fine community with so many perfect professionals with great tricks. I feel really grateful to have used your web site and look forward to some more brilliant times reading here. Thanks a lot once again for everything.

  22. Thank you a lot for giving everyone a very spectacular possiblity to discover important secrets from here. It is often so fantastic and also jam-packed with amusement for me and my office friends to search the blog the equivalent of 3 times per week to see the fresh stuff you have. Not to mention, I’m usually amazed with the spectacular things you give. Selected 4 tips in this posting are really the best we’ve ever had.

  23. yeezy shoes says:

    I and my friends have already been digesting the excellent information and facts on your web page and immediately came up with a horrible suspicion I never thanked the web site owner for those strategies. Those men were totally warmed to read all of them and now have in truth been making the most of these things. Many thanks for getting considerably helpful as well as for considering this sort of exceptional tips most people are really desperate to discover. My personal honest apologies for not saying thanks to you earlier.

  24. Thank you a lot for providing individuals with an extraordinarily remarkable possiblity to read articles and blog posts from this site. It’s always very cool plus stuffed with fun for me and my office friends to search your site really thrice per week to read through the latest things you have got. And lastly, I’m so actually fulfilled with your fantastic secrets you give. Some 2 ideas in this posting are undoubtedly the best we have all had.

  25. video games says:

    sexy girl, video games, game account, game equipment, game install

  26. yeezy boost says:

    My wife and i got quite ecstatic that Ervin could conclude his preliminary research from your ideas he gained while using the web site. It is now and again perplexing just to continually be giving for free tips that some other people may have been making money from. And now we acknowledge we have got the writer to appreciate because of that. These explanations you’ve made, the easy site menu, the relationships your site make it easier to foster – it’s got most overwhelming, and it is facilitating our son and the family reckon that that theme is interesting, which is quite vital. Thank you for the whole lot!

  27. lebron shoes says:

    I truly wanted to make a small word to be able to appreciate you for all the awesome secrets you are sharing on this site. My considerable internet research has at the end been rewarded with awesome suggestions to write about with my guests. I ‘d point out that most of us website visitors actually are undeniably endowed to live in a very good website with very many wonderful people with helpful tips and hints. I feel really fortunate to have encountered the web site and look forward to some more amazing times reading here. Thank you once again for all the details.

  28. nmd says:

    I just wanted to write a simple word to appreciate you for all the magnificent pointers you are sharing on this website. My time consuming internet lookup has finally been compensated with high-quality content to share with my relatives. I would say that we readers actually are undoubtedly fortunate to live in a great place with so many brilliant individuals with valuable techniques. I feel quite blessed to have discovered the site and look forward to really more entertaining moments reading here. Thanks once more for all the details.

  29. I enjoy you because of your whole hard work on this web page. Ellie delights in conducting internet research and it’s really easy to understand why. Almost all hear all concerning the compelling form you convey both interesting and useful items by means of your website and therefore improve response from the others on this point then our girl is now learning a great deal. Have fun with the rest of the new year. You’re doing a dazzling job.

  30. fitflops says:

    Needed to post you a little bit of note just to say thanks as before about the striking pointers you’ve shared on this site. It’s wonderfully open-handed with you to supply freely just what numerous people would have distributed for an e book to earn some cash for themselves, precisely since you might well have tried it if you ever decided. The thoughts in addition served to be a great way to recognize that other individuals have the same zeal really like my own to understand way more in terms of this issue. I am sure there are several more enjoyable times up front for individuals that view your blog.